水印工具类
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package com.bonus.imgTool.utils;
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import javax.imageio.*;
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import javax.imageio.plugins.jpeg.JPEGImageWriteParam;
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import javax.imageio.stream.FileImageOutputStream;
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import java.awt.*;
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import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
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import java.io.File;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Iterator;
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import java.util.List;
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/**
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* @className:HighQualityWatermark
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* @author:cwchen
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* @date:2025-04-02-14:04
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* @version:1.0
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* @description:
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*/
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public class HighQualityWatermark {
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private static final String DEFAULT_FONT_NAME = "Microsoft YaHei";
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private static final int DEFAULT_FONT_STYLE = Font.BOLD;
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private static final Color DEFAULT_COLOR = new Color(195, 32, 32, 255);
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private static final int MIN_FONT_SIZE = 10;
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private static final int MAX_FONT_SIZE = 72;
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private static final float MIN_OPACITY = 0.3f;
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private static final float MAX_OPACITY = 0.9f;
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private static final float DEFAULT_QUALITY = 1.0f; // 最高质量(无损)
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/**
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* 添加高质量多行水印
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* @param sourceImagePath 源图片路径
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* @param targetImagePath 目标图片路径
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* @param textLines 多行水印文本
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* @param position 水印位置
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* @param opacity 透明度
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* @param fontName 字体名称
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*/
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public static void addHighQualityWatermark(String sourceImagePath, String targetImagePath,
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List<String> textLines, String position,
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float opacity, String fontName) throws Exception {
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// 参数校验
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if (opacity < MIN_OPACITY || opacity > MAX_OPACITY) {
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opacity = 0.7f;
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}
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// 读取源图片
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BufferedImage sourceImage = ImageIO.read(new File(sourceImagePath));
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int imageWidth = sourceImage.getWidth();
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int imageHeight = sourceImage.getHeight();
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// 创建Graphics2D对象
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Graphics2D g2d = sourceImage.createGraphics();
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// 设置最高质量的渲染参数
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setHighestQuality(g2d);
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// 计算最大允许宽度（图片宽度的四分之三）
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// int maxAllowedWidth = imageWidth / 2;
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int maxAllowedWidth = (int) (imageWidth * 3.0 / 4);
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// 确定最佳字体大小
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Font optimalFont = findOptimalFontSize(g2d, textLines, maxAllowedWidth, imageWidth, imageHeight, fontName);
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g2d.setFont(optimalFont);
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FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
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// 处理每行文本的换行
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List<List<String>> wrappedLines = wrapAllLines(g2d, textLines, maxAllowedWidth);
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// 计算水印总高度和最大行宽度
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int lineHeight = fm.getHeight();
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int totalHeight = calculateTotalHeight(wrappedLines, lineHeight);
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int maxLineWidth = findMaxLineWidth(g2d, wrappedLines);
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// 设置水印颜色和透明度
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Color watermarkColor = new Color(DEFAULT_COLOR.getRed(), DEFAULT_COLOR.getGreen(),
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DEFAULT_COLOR.getBlue(), (int)(opacity * 255));
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g2d.setColor(watermarkColor);
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// 计算水印起始位置
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Point startPoint = calculateWatermarkPosition(position, imageWidth, imageHeight,
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maxLineWidth, totalHeight, fm);
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// 绘制水印
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drawWatermarkLines(g2d, wrappedLines, startPoint, lineHeight, position, imageWidth);
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// 释放资源
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g2d.dispose();
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// 高质量保存图片
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saveWithHighQuality(sourceImage, targetImagePath);
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}
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/**
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* 设置最高质量的渲染参数
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*/
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private static void setHighestQuality(Graphics2D g2d) {
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g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON);
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g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_TEXT_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_TEXT_ANTIALIAS_ON);
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g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY);
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g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON);
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g2d.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BICUBIC);
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}
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/**
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* 寻找最佳字体大小
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*/
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private static Font findOptimalFontSize(Graphics2D g2d, List<String> textLines,
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int maxAllowedWidth, int imgWidth,
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int imgHeight, String fontName) {
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// 基于图片对角线长度计算初始字体大小
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double diagonal = Math.sqrt(imgWidth * imgWidth + imgHeight * imgHeight);
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int initialSize = (int)(diagonal * 0.03);
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initialSize = Math.max(MIN_FONT_SIZE, Math.min(initialSize, MAX_FONT_SIZE));
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Font testFont = new Font(fontName, DEFAULT_FONT_STYLE, initialSize);
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g2d.setFont(testFont);
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/*// 检查所有行是否都适合
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boolean allFit = checkAllLinesFit(g2d, textLines, maxAllowedWidth);
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// 如果不适合，逐步减小字体大小
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int currentSize = initialSize;
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while (!allFit && currentSize > MIN_FONT_SIZE) {
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currentSize--;
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testFont = new Font(fontName, DEFAULT_FONT_STYLE, currentSize);
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g2d.setFont(testFont);
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allFit = checkAllLinesFit(g2d, textLines, maxAllowedWidth);
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}*/
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return testFont;
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}
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/**
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* 检查所有行是否适合最大宽度
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*/
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private static boolean checkAllLinesFit(Graphics2D g2d, List<String> textLines, int maxWidth) {
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FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
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return textLines.stream().allMatch(line -> fm.stringWidth(line) <= maxWidth);
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}
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/**
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* 处理所有行的换行
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*/
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private static List<List<String>> wrapAllLines(Graphics2D g2d, List<String> textLines, int maxWidth) {
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List<List<String>> wrappedLines = new ArrayList<>();
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for (String line : textLines) {
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wrappedLines.add(wrapSingleLine(g2d, line, maxWidth));
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}
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return wrappedLines;
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}
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/**
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* 单行文本换行处理
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*/
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private static List<String> wrapSingleLine(Graphics2D g2d, String line, int maxWidth) {
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List<String> wrapped = new ArrayList<>();
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FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
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// 如果整行宽度小于最大宽度，直接返回
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if (fm.stringWidth(line) <= maxWidth) {
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wrapped.add(line);
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return wrapped;
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}
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// 按空格分割单词
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String[] words = line.split("@@");
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StringBuilder currentLine = new StringBuilder(words[0]);
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for (int i = 1; i < words.length; i++) {
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String testLine = currentLine + " " + words[i];
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if (fm.stringWidth(testLine) <= maxWidth) {
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currentLine.append(" ").append(words[i]);
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} else {
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wrapped.add(currentLine.toString());
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currentLine = new StringBuilder(words[i]);
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}
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}
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wrapped.add(currentLine.toString());
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return wrapped;
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}
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/**
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* 计算水印总高度
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*/
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private static int calculateTotalHeight(List<List<String>> allWrappedLines, int lineHeight) {
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int totalLines = allWrappedLines.stream().mapToInt(List::size).sum();
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// 总行数 * 行高 + (段落数-1) * 行高/2 (段落间距)
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return totalLines * lineHeight + (allWrappedLines.size() - 1) * (lineHeight / 2);
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}
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/**
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* 查找最大行宽度
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*/
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private static int findMaxLineWidth(Graphics2D g2d, List<List<String>> allWrappedLines) {
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int maxWidth = 0;
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FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
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for (List<String> lines : allWrappedLines) {
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for (String line : lines) {
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int width = fm.stringWidth(line);
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if (width > maxWidth) {
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maxWidth = width;
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}
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}
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}
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return maxWidth;
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}
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/**
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* 计算水印位置
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*/
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private static Point calculateWatermarkPosition(String position, int imgWidth, int imgHeight,
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int maxLineWidth, int totalHeight,
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FontMetrics fm) {
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int margin = (int)(Math.min(imgWidth, imgHeight) * 0.05); // 5%边距
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int x = 0;
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int y = 0;
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switch (position.toLowerCase()) {
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case "center":
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x = (imgWidth - maxLineWidth) / 2;
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y = (imgHeight - totalHeight) / 2 + fm.getAscent();
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break;
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case "top-left":
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x = margin;
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y = margin + fm.getAscent();
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break;
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case "top-right":
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x = imgWidth - maxLineWidth - margin;
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y = margin + fm.getAscent();
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break;
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case "bottom-left":
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x = margin;
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y = imgHeight - totalHeight - margin + fm.getAscent();
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break;
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case "bottom-right":
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x = imgWidth - maxLineWidth - margin;
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y = imgHeight - totalHeight - margin + fm.getAscent();
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break;
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default: // 默认居中
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x = (imgWidth - maxLineWidth) / 2;
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y = (imgHeight - totalHeight) / 2 + fm.getAscent();
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}
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return new Point(x, y);
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}
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/**
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* 绘制水印文本
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*/
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private static void drawWatermarkLines(Graphics2D g2d, List<List<String>> allWrappedLines,
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Point startPoint, int lineHeight,
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String position, int imgWidth) {
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int currentY = startPoint.y;
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FontMetrics fm = g2d.getFontMetrics();
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for (List<String> lines : allWrappedLines) {
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for (String line : lines) {
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int lineWidth = fm.stringWidth(line);
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int x = startPoint.x;
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// 如果是居中位置，每行单独计算x坐标
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if ("center".equalsIgnoreCase(position)) {
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x = (imgWidth - lineWidth) / 2;
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}
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g2d.drawString(line, x, currentY);
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currentY += lineHeight;
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}
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// 段落间距（多行组之间的额外间距）
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currentY += lineHeight / 8;
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}
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}
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/**
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* 高质量保存JPG图片（无损或接近无损）
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*/
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private static void saveWithHighQuality(BufferedImage image, String filePath) throws Exception {
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String formatName = filePath.substring(filePath.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase();
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if ("jpg".equals(formatName) || "jpeg".equals(formatName)) {
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// JPG特殊处理以保证高质量
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Iterator<ImageWriter> writers = ImageIO.getImageWritersByFormatName("jpg");
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ImageWriter writer = writers.next();
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// 配置JPEG编码参数
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JPEGImageWriteParam jpegParams = (JPEGImageWriteParam) writer.getDefaultWriteParam();
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jpegParams.setCompressionMode(JPEGImageWriteParam.MODE_EXPLICIT);
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jpegParams.setCompressionQuality(DEFAULT_QUALITY); // 1.0 = 最高质量
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// 写入文件
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try (FileImageOutputStream output = new FileImageOutputStream(new File(filePath))) {
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writer.setOutput(output);
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writer.write(null, new IIOImage(image, null, null), jpegParams);
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}
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writer.dispose();
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} else {
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// 其他格式直接保存
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ImageIO.write(image, formatName, new File(filePath));
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}
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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try {
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// 准备多行水印文本
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List<String> watermarkLines = new ArrayList<>();
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watermarkLines.add("2024-05-12");
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String proName = "广东电网直流背靠背东莞工程（大湾区南粤直流背靠背工程）南粤±300kV背靠背换流站工程/新增/广东电网直流背靠背东莞工程（大湾区南通道直流背靠背工程）110kV环保城输变电工程（电缆部分）";
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watermarkLines.add(proName.replaceAll("(.{18})", "$1@@"));
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watermarkLines.add("安全违章");
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watermarkLines.add("违章照片");
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String localPath = "L:\\其他\\测试图片\\5.jpg";
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String outPath = "L:\\新建文件夹\\output.jpg";
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// 添加高质量水印
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addHighQualityWatermark(localPath, outPath,
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watermarkLines, "bottom-left",
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0.7f, "Microsoft YaHei");
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System.out.println("高质量水印添加完成，图片已无损输出");
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} catch (Exception e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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}
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}
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