diff --git a/src/alarm/alarm_service.cc b/src/alarm/alarm_service.cc
index 95353e1..6a8d018 100644
--- a/src/alarm/alarm_service.cc
+++ b/src/alarm/alarm_service.cc
@@ -138,12 +138,25 @@ void AlarmService::check_rule_against_value(AlarmRule& rule, double value, const
         default: break;
     }
 
-    AlarmState& state = m_alarm_states.at(rule.rule_id);
+
+auto it = m_alarm_states.find(rule.rule_id);
+
+if (it == m_alarm_states.end()) {
+    spdlog::warn("AlarmState for rule '{}' was missing. Creating it on-the-fly.", rule.rule_id);
+    
+    auto result = m_alarm_states.emplace(
+        std::piecewise_construct,
+        std::forward_as_tuple(rule.rule_id),
+        std::forward_as_tuple(m_io_context) 
+    );
+    it = result.first; // 'it' 现在指向新创建的元素
+}
+
+AlarmState& state = it->second;
 
     if (condition_met) {
         // 条件满足
         if (state.current_state == AlarmStateType::NORMAL) {
-            // 状态：NORMAL -> PENDING
             state.current_state = AlarmStateType::PENDING;
             
             if (rule.debounce_seconds <= 0) {